Disease duration in autosomal dominant familial Alzheimer disease

(A) Unadjusted Kaplan-Meier survival plots show the estimated survival probability by disease duration for PSEN1 vs APP. The blue line references APP and the red line PSEN1. Ninety-five percent CIs and number of individuals still alive per disease duration length, by 10 years, by 20 years, and by 30 years, are also shown. (B) Violin plots show the distribution of age at symptom onset, at death, and disease duration for PSEN1 vs APP. Data are median (line) with median interquartile range (upper and lower dotted lines). Age at onset: 42 (38–48) years vs 50 (48–55) years; age at death: 52 (46–58) years vs 61 (58–66) years; and disease duration: 8 (6–12) years vs 10 (8–13) years. “*” indicates significant difference between groups. (C) Scatter plot shows the association between age at symptom onset and age at death in PSEN1 vs APP. The solid line represents the line of best fit from the survival model, adjusted for sex, year of birth, and clustered by family membership for each gene. The shaded area represents 95% CIs. Markers show the unadjusted raw data: hollow blue triangles represent individuals with APP mutations and hollow red circle markers individuals with PSEN1 mutations. APP = amyloid precursor protein; CI = confidence interval; PSEN1 = presenilin 1.